C1 · Precise words and tone · about 19 min
Semi-suffixes (-fähig, -frei, -reich)
Halbsuffixe (-fähig, -frei, -reich)
Words like fähig, frei and reich join a noun to make one compact adjective: ein wettbewerbsfähiges Unternehmen.
Learn first:Adjectives with un-, -los, -ig, -lich, -isch
Common semi-suffixes in economic German
| Semi-suffix | Core meaning | Base word | Linking sound | Resulting adjective | English translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -fähig | capable of / suited for | der Wettbewerb | -s- | wettbewerbsfähig | competitive |
| -fähig | capable of / suited for | der Transport | (none) | transportfähig | transportable |
| -bedürftig | requiring / in need of | die Erklärung | -s- | erklärungsbedürftig | requiring explanation |
| -bedürftig | requiring / in need of | die Reparatur | (none) | reparaturbedürftig | in need of repair |
| -frei | free of / exempt from | die Steuer | (none) | steuerfrei | tax-free |
| -reich | abundant in / rich in | die Chance | -n- | chancenreich | promising / full of opportunity |
The main points
- Semi-suffixes are real words used as endings: fähig, frei, reich, arm.
- -fähig = able to; -bedürftig = in need of.
- -frei = free of; -reich = rich in; -arm = low in.
- -intensiv = using a lot of: kostenintensiv, zeitintensiv.
- Write one word in lower case. Hyphen after abbreviations: KI-fähig.