B2 · Nouns and noun phrases · about 14 min

Relative clauses with wer/was and no noun

Relativsätze mit wer und was ohne Bezugswort

wer or was can start a clause with no noun before it: Wer zu spät kommt, muss warten.

Case forms of wer and was

CaseFor persons (wer)For things / facts (was)English equivalent
Nominativewerwaswho / whoever / what
Accusativewenwaswhom / whoever / what
Dativewem(no form; use wo(r)- words)to whom / whoever
Genitivewessenwessen (rare; formal)whose / of what

The main points

  • wer = whoever (people); was = whatever (things and facts).
  • There is no noun before the clause.
  • The verb goes to the end of the clause: Wer sucht, findet.
  • Different cases: usually start the main clause with der, den, dem or das.
  • wer always takes a singular verb: Wer Fragen hat, meldet sich.